endodontic therapy

The endodontic techniques have evolved significantly over the last hundred years. These scientific advances made possible by a better understanding of the anatomy and histology of root canals, with the understanding of its complexity, and the pathogenesis of pulpal and periapical diseases, involving aspects of microbiology, immunology and repair. This expertise supported the changes in endodontic therapy approach. However, it can be
seen that, considering the steps involved in two steps - cleaning and filling - the first was dictated by the second. That is, since the form printed in the cavity of convenience of access to root canals, through the preparation of the cervical and middle thirds, with models that allow access, the focus centered on ensuring an adequate sealing of the root canal system, adapting these procedures to this end goal. But the opposite could also have been achieved, namely to develop a shutter to adapt to a system of canals cleaned and disinfected formatted but the least possible, keeping as close to the anatomy of the original. From the 1990s, with the work of originiais Lussi and colleagues developed an approach without instrumentation of the root canal. This approach was based on the establishment of intracanal irrigation followed by successive and cyclic changes of irrigating fluid pressure inside the channel. In more detail, we established the formation of a vacuum (reduced pressure) inside the channel followed by sudden increase in fluid pressure irrigator. This sequence repeated several times with an irrigating the basis of sodium allowed the removal of the contents of the root canals and disinfected, without any modeling of the root canal. So there is no need for the use of instruments such as endodontic files, manual or automated. The phase plug (sealing) of the root canal occurred establishment and release of vacuum filling material in the form of cement, and condensation of material. The research revealed that the level of cleanliness achieved was similar or better than that obtained by conventional techniques, as well as the filling of the channels occurred in foraminal level without leakage.During the process, there was no foraminal extravasation of irrigating fluid. The cleaning and disinfection was made possible by the chemical action of sodium hypochlorite irrigating, which has its action dependent on contact time and level of contact with the material to be removed by the action of sodium hypochlorite detergent and mechanical action of the flow of irrigating, and the generation of cavitation phenomenon. The phenomenon of cavitation occurs due to sudden changes in pressure inside the irrigating fluid, causing the formation of bubbles and its implosion inside the conduit, with energy release. This process promotes mechanical and antimicrobial action. For this approach, several traditional steps become unnecessary, such as access cavity preparation is not conservative, removing entries in the dentin root canal or any portion from the floor to the apical foramen, selection and testing shutter cones, substantially reducing the time required for treatment and patient exposure to radiation.